Eleoteio arc lamp



L a 8 e h s S t e e h s 3 T S E U G H l a d 0 M 0 m ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

Patented June 12,1883.

N4 PETERS. Fhnwulho u hur. Wuhin tm, D4 c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. 11 GUEST.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. No. 279,152. Patented June 12, 1883.,

7 offlma/ N. PETERS. PhmwLiihograph-r. Wnhinglan. D.c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. H. GUEST.

ELEGTRIG ARC LAMP. No. 279,152. Patented June 12,1883.

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N. PETERS. Photo-Lilhographnr, Wmm mn, 0.6.

, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. GUEST, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,152, dated June 12, 1883,

Application filed September 8, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: U

Be it known that 1, JOHN H. GUEsT, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

I make use of a solenoid-magnet in a shunt between the and binding-posts to draw one carbon toward the other, against the action of a spring, and I employ a peculiar arrangement of pawls whereby the carbon holder and rack is lowered and fed one or more notches at a time, as more fully set forth hereinafter:

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partially in section, of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan below the line m. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrative of the circuitconnections. Fig. 4 is a rear view; Fig. 5, a side view of the dash-pot and its mechanism. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan, in larger-size, of the dash-pot pawl and pulley. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partially in section, of the pawl mechanism and dash-pot as applied with two reactionary solenoids in the shunt. Fig. 8 is a side view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the magnet for drawing down the lower carbon and locking the same.

a and a. are the plates connected by the standards. b and b is a movable case surrounding the mechanism. (1 is the rack-bar; d d, the upper-carbon holder and carbon and d is the lower carbon and its holder (1".

If the lamps are to be burned in multiple are, it will not be necessary to apply a lower magnet to draw down the lower carbon and establish the are, because the carbons in that case are placed in thelamps so as not to touch each other but when the lamps are burned in series, the carbons will be placedin the lamps so as to touch each other, and a magnet is to be employed to separate the carbons by drawing down the lower carbon, as hereinafter de scribed.

In Fig. 3 the eircnitconnections are shown from the binding-post through a a d (1 (Z d d to the plate 01, thence by the insulated the solenoid f are joined by a cross-bar, e, to which there is a rod, 6 attached, that is guided at the lower end by the bracket 2 from the column b, and at its upper end the rod 6 passes through and is guided by the top plate, (1. There is a helical spring, 7:, around the rod 6 resting at the bottom on the bracket 2, and acting at'its upper end against the adiustingnut 3 to lift the rod 8 cross-bar c, and cores 6, together with the p arts connected with such crossbar 0'. It is to be borne in mind that this spring h acts in the opposite direction to the solenoid; hence when the current passing through the helix of the solenoid increases, in consequence of resistance in the main circuit through the carbons, the cores and cross-bar will be drawn down, and when the resistance between the carbons lessens, the spring 71 raises the cores and cross-bar in consequence of the diminished energy of solenoid in the shunt.

The rod or rack-bar d of the carbon-holder is made with teeth at its two edges, and also at the back, said rod being T-sh'aped, as seen in Fig. 2. The teeth at the two opposite edges are acted upon by pawls that are controlled by the crossbar e, and the back teeth are used in connection with a daslrpot to prevent the carbons feeding too fast, and, as hereinafter described, as the pawls that support the carbonholding rack are withdrawn from the carbonholder by the action of the solenoid f, the pawl that intervenes between the back row of teeth and the dash-pot is brought into action, to prevent the carbon-holding rack dropping too rapidly when the teedingpawls are disengaged- The two pawls i i are provided with arbors or cross-shafts -;t, (see Fig. 2,) that are pivoted in the hanging stationary flame-pieces 17 the lower ends of which are formed as jaws for the reception of the arbors or shafts 4.. These pawls are somewhat triangular in shape. The

teeth or ends that engage with the teeth 5 on the edges of the rack (l are slightly below the shafts 4, and there are links 0 connected at their outer ends by screws 6 to the pawls i, and at their inner ends they come together and are connected by a wire, 7, that forms a hinge-pin to the links, and is itself rigidly attached to the cross-bar c of the solenoid; hence it will be seen that as the crossbar and solenoidcores rise and fall, the links swing the pawls i on their fixed arbors 4, and the ends of the pawls in contact with describe arcs of circles. In the downward movement the points of the pawls draw away from below the teeth 5 and lower the carbon-holding rack and carbon. In their upward movement these pawls raise the carbon-holder, and the downward movement takes place as aforesaid,- when the current through the shunt increases, and hence the distance between the carbons is lessened and the equilibrium restored.

The carbon and rack are lifted by the spring 7:, acting through the pawls, when the carbons are too near together. The lowering of the carbon and rack continues as the carbons are consumed, and finally the pawls (I draw so far back as to disengage from the teeth 5, and the carbon-holder rodand upper carbon would then drop until again caught by the pawls acting on the next pair of teeth above, as the power of the solenoidf lessens, and the spring raises the cores and pawls; but to prevent this movement being sudden. and altecting the light, and to sustain the carbon and lower it gradually, I employ the means next described.

There is a small vli.nder, 7;, in which is a heavy piston, (shown by dotted lines,') and to the piston is the rod I, that is connected at its upper end. by a cord, I, to the segmental pul ley n. This pulley II is upon an axis, 9, in

the swinging frame m, that is hung atits upper end by a pivot in the stationary j aw a below the plate a. By withdrawing the pins from the jaw n, the pivot and swinging frame m can be lifted off for cleaning or adjustment.

The weight of the piston in tends to turn the segmental pulley a until. its stop comes in contact with the screw 11, that passes through an arm extending out from the frame m.

.lhereis a pawl,p,that is pivoted by the axis of the segmental pulley n and rests within the opening in said segmental pulley, and in the normal position said pawl is slightly inclined upwardly, as seen in Fig. 8. The end of the pawl p is not engaged with the teeth 6 of (I .in the normal position; but it is brought into engagement by the movement of the parts next described before the pawls 1'- separate from the teeth 5, so as to cause the pawl j) to partially support the carbon-holder and carbon.

At the bottom end of the hanging frame m there is a cross-bar, s, and there are two bent levers, r r, pivoted at if) in fixed stant'lards 16. The short ends of these bent-levers are behind the cross-bar s, and the longer ends are behind the lower ends of the pawls '1' ,so that as these pawls 1? swing downwardly and outwardly, the frame m is moved toward the teeth. (3 untilthe pawl p engages with said teeth, which takes place before the pawls i drop the teeth of hence the weight of the carbon-holder and cai bon is suspended by the pawl p, and descends gradually as the weighted piston is drawn up in the dash-pot against the pressure of the con.- lined air. The stop 17 on 'the segmental pulare instantly lifted by the s1 ley and the screw 1.1 all low the parts to be adjusted so that the pawl 1 will be in the proper position to engage one of the teeth 6 as the frame m swun toward the rack, as aforesaid. The resistance at the are lessening by the carbons approaching, the solenoi d-ma-g net in the shunt weakens, and the cross-bar and pawls iring h, and the pawls take the next teeth and support the carbon and rack, and the operations are repeated.

I make use of the stop-screw 20, passing through a bracket on c, and acting at the up 1 per end of the rod 0*, to limit the upward move-- ment of the solenoid, to prevent the carbons being separated too far. As the solenoid-cores are drawn downwardly into the helices the electric energy becomes less efficient in mow ing said cores; hence the variation in the resistance at the are between the carbons has to be considerable. To compensate for this I use the adjustable magnet-cores 1 I upon a crossbar, r, through. which passes the adjustingscrew 1:. These cores 1- become magnetized and attract the cores (2, and that attraction increases the nearer the cores c come to the cores '1, and by the adj ustment of the cores 1 the parts can be placed in such. a position. that the carbon will be raised or lowered by a very slight variation in the strength of current passing through the shunt. A similar effect will be produced by the use of a second solenoid-mag net, 'u,in the shunt-cirtniit. (See Figs. 7 and S. The cores u of this magnet a are upona cross-- bar, 11", fastened to the vertical rod e. These cores a pass but a short distance into the heli' ces 'u,and they are hence operative in moving the vertical. rod 1* and pawls 17 when the longer cores 1' of the magnetf are not as powerfully acted upon in consequence of having moved into the solenoid-helices. ".lhe solenoid-mag net 11, (shown inFigs'T and h, serving to equalize the action of the parts in place of the ad iustable cores 1', Fig.1, does not require to be as powerful as the solenoid f; hence the wire is rem-esented as coarser in the .helix of 11. In this case the cores a tend to continue the feeding movement as the action of the cores c weakens; andhence these cores :1 are the equiv: alents of the cores 1, which latter, by. their at traction on the cores 0, etl'ect the same object. in both instances the helices that act; on these cores n and t are in the shunt-circuit.

ll find it advantageous to lessen the resist ance in the lamp-circuit after the carbonshave been drawn apart, because by so doing the flow of murreut not so much obstructed.

The electro-magnet a, that acts upon the armature a of the lower-carbon holder (1, is of any desired eln'u'racter. It may be made wit-h four-helices, as in my Patent No, 259,007, and the current passes from the carbon holder or frame through the helix of su'eh magnets u, and by the wire 23 to the frame or column (1,

thence to the negative post.

I make use of aspring-latch c, to hold down This latch is shown the lower-carbon holder.

as a sliding bar placed transversely of the car hon-holder through slots in the tubes that guide such carbon-holder. There is a spring, 6 that moves the latch endwise after the lower carbon has been brought down by the magnet,

and the shoulder at '24. prevents the carbonholder rising until the latch e is pushed back by hand. The end of the latch short-circuits the current past the magnet w by connecting the carbon-holder d to the insulated stud e", from which is the wire 23, leading to the negative bindingpost.

' I claim as my invention 1. The combination, with the carbon-holding rack and circuit-connections passing through the carbons, of a solenoid helix in a shunt-circuit between the and binding-posts, the cores and crossbar of such solenoid, a spring acting in the opposite direction to the solenoidmagnet teeth on the carbon-holding rod, pawls to support the same, links between the pawls and the crossbar of the solenoid-cores, substantially as set forth, whereby the pawls are swung downwardly to feed the carbon by the action of the solenoid, or raised to separate the carbons by the action of the spring, substantially as set forth.

2-. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the carbon-holding rod with ratchettecth, of swinging pawls to lower the carbon-holder, a dash-pot, a pawl, and connections, substantially as set forth, whereby the carbon-holder is partially supported by the dash-pot and its pawl while the main pawls let go one set of teeth and grasp the next in feeding the carbon, 5

substantially as specified.

3. The combination of the solenoid-cores e, cross-bar 6, spring 7:, pawls 1', links 0, and can boll-holder rod, and the hanging frame 011, segmental pulley a, pawl 12, dash-pot, levers 'r, 0

and connections, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the carbons and carboirholders, of a magnet in the main circuit to establish the arc, mechanism for supporting the upper carbon and al- 4 5 lowing it to be fed, a solenoid-magnet in a shunt between the and binding-posts, with a core acting to feed the carbon, and a second solenoid-core acted upon by the helix in the shunt,

for equalizing the action of the parts in feed 50 ing the carbon, substantially as specified 5. The combination, in an arc-lamp, of a lower-carbon holder,-an electro-magnet and armature to draw down such carbon-holder, a

latch to hold the parts, and circuitconnec- 5-5 tions, substantially as set forth, for short-circuiting the current around the electromagnet by the movement of the latch, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 6th day of September, A. 60

H. GUEST.

\Vitnesses:

GEO. T. PINCKNEY, RVILLIAM G. Morr. 

